The first part of this complaint concerns the violation of indigenous communities’ right to free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) in the development and inception phases of this project. The second section addresses the risks posed to the rights of refugees and IDPs to safely and voluntarily return to their lands. The complaint then focuses on the risks posed by the Ridge to Reef project on the land and resource rights of indigenous communities. The final section covers existing conservation initiatives that are being led by indigenous communities that stand as an alternative vision for conservation in Tanintharyi Region.